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High stakes, narrow margins: Canada’s federal budget bets on investment-led growth

 November 05, 2025 |Cynthia Leach, Robert Hogue, and Salim Zanzana
Overall, the story of Budget 2025 is as expected. There is big new spending and deficits that would be even larger without review savings. Buffers are slim against the two fiscal anchors of a balanced operating budget by 2028-29, and a declining deficit-to-GDP...
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Canadian federal budget preview

 October 27, 2025 |Cynthia Leach
A new playbook for balancing bigger government with fiscal health We believe the context and composition of government spending matter as much as the quantum. Cyclically, our outlook has Canada avoiding a recession from the current set of tariffs, but...
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Are U.S. tariffs accomplishing their goals?

 August 20, 2025 |Claire Fan

The trade war remains in its early stages, with U.S. tariff revenues trailing behind announcements into the summer. Nevertheless, import tariffs collected as a share of U.S. imports have already risen to their highest level since the 1940s.

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